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Иностранный язык в сфере юриспруденции (Темы 1-8) 2024.г
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| engineerklub | Дата: Пятница, Сегодня, 04:55 | Сообщение # 1 |
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| Иностранный язык в сфере юриспруденции (Темы 1-8) 2024.г (тест с ответами Синергия/МОИ/ МТИ /МОСАП)
1. In a tort case, the usual remedies available to the claimant are...
*Imprisonment and fines
*Damages and injunction
*Community service and probation
*Deportation and asset seizure
2. The first in a criminal case typically is a(n)...
*Sentencing
*Arrest
*Trial
*Appeal
3. Order the steps in the process of filing a tort claim:
1 Gather evidence
2 File a complaint
3 Serve the defendant
4 Attend court hearings
5 Negotiate a settlement
4. The … listened carefully to both sides before making a decision.
5. According to legal theorist Salmond, law is defined as...
*A collection of ethical standards
*A framework of rules recognized and enforced by the state
*Traditions that change over time and space
*Norms established by community consensus
6. Many people believe that … should be fair and equal for everyone involved.
7. Put the following steps in the correct order for a civil lawsuit: Тип ответа:
1 Complaint filed
2 Discovery
3 Trial
4 Judgment
5 Appea
8. The following country primarily follows a civil law system:
United States
United Kingdom
France
Australia
9. An example of a statutory tort is...
*A tort based solely on common law
*A tort defined by judicial precedent
*A tort outlined in the constitution
*A tort regulated by a specific act of legislation
10. The … decided to postpone the hearing until next week for more preparation.
11. Vicarious liability allows...
*Employees to sue their employers
*Employers to sue their employees
*Suing the employer for torts committed by their employees
*Suing the government for private sector torts
11. Match each legal profession with its description:
A. Solicitor
B. Barrister
C. Notary
D. Legal Advisor
E. Legal Consultant
F. Prepares legal documents and provides legal advice, but typically does not represent clients in court.
G. Represents clients in court and offers expert legal opinions.
H. Authenticates documents, witnesses signatures, and notarizes official papers.
I. Offers general legal guidance to clients and businesses.
J. Provides specialized legal advice to clients, often within businesses.
12. Many countries distinguish between … law and public law.
13. Most civil cases are usually considered in...
*Supreme Court
*Crown Court
*County Courts
*High Court
14. … is a pivotal document from 1215 that limited the monarch s power and set the stage for individual rights and freedoms.
15. Match the terms with their correct descriptions:
A. Common law
B. Statutory tort
C. Tortfeasor
D. Claimant
E. Legal capacity to sue
F. Law based on precedents set by previous court decisions
G. A civil wrong defined by a specific statute
H. The person who commits a tort
I. The person bringing a lawsuit in a tort case
J. The right to bring a legal action against someone
16. The highest court in the United States is the … Court.
17. The primary function of civil courts in the English legal system is...
*To prosecute criminals and investigate various criminal cases
*To resolve disputes between private citizens or between private citizens and the state
*To hear appeals from lower courts and adjudicate them
*To interpret statutory law and add to the case law by creating new rulings
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| engineerklub | Дата: Пятница, Сегодня, 04:56 | Сообщение # 2 |
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| 18. The primary source of law in a civil law system is...
*Case precedents
*Statutory codes
*Judge’s opinions
*Customary practices
19. Put the following events in chronological order:
1 The Roman Empire established its legal system across Europe.
2 The Justinian Code was compiled in the 6th century.
3 The feudal system influenced legal structures in medieval Europe.
4 The establishment of the first universities began to shape legal education.
20. Match the words with their definitions
A. Court fee
B. Custodial sentence
C. Community service
D. To be found guilty of something
E. To award damages
F. A charge that must be paid to the court for processing legal cases or documents.
G. A punishment where a person is sent to prison for a certain period of time.
H. Work that people do for the benefit of their community, often instead of serving time in jail.
I. To be declared responsible for committing a crime after a legal trial.
J. To give money as a payment for harm or loss caused by someone else's actions.
21. This country is known for having an unwritten constitution:
*United States
*France
*Germany
*United Kingdom
22. In criminal cases, if the police have enough evidence, they can make a formal … against a suspect.
23. Match each legal profession with the correct description
A. Tax Attorney
B. Immigration Lawyer
C. Family Lawyer
D. Real Estate Lawyer
E. Intellectual Property Lawyer
F. A lawyer who assists clients with legal issues related to taxes.
G. A lawyer specializing in issues such as visas, asylum, and citizenship.
H. A lawyer who deals with family-related issues such as divorce, child custody, and adoption.
I. A lawyer handling transactions and disputes involving real estate properties.
J. A legal professional who handles matters such as patents, trademarks, and copyrights.
24. Find a pair to make collocations:
A. To adopt
B. To bring
C. To honour
D. To seek
E. To solve
F. To carry out
G. To interpret
H. To accuse of the
I. a new law
J. a civil action
K. the agreement
L. legal advice
M. a problem
N. a contract
O. a statute
P. a crime
25. International law regulates relations between … and between private citizens of different countries.
26. The main difference between tort law and criminal law is that the...
*Tort law aims to compensate, while criminal law aims to punish
*Tort law involves only physical injuries
*Criminal law always results in monetary compensation
*Tort law is exclusively for business disputes
27. Match the terms with their correct descriptions:
A. Libel
B. Slander
C. Product Liability
D. Vicarious Liability
E. Common Law Tort
F. Statutory Tort
G. Tortfeasor
H. Claimant
I. Defamation in a permanent form, such as writing
J. Defamation in a non-permanent form, such as speech
K. Responsibility for damage caused by defective goods
L. Employer's liability for employee's actions during employment
M. Based on precedents set by previous court decisions
N. A civil wrong defined by a specific statute or law
O. A person who commits a civil wrong
P. The person bringing a lawsuit in a tort case
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| engineerklub | Дата: Пятница, Сегодня, 04:56 | Сообщение # 3 |
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| 28. Match the halves to make up correct sentences:
A. In order to bring a successful claim against someone for negligence,
B. The duty of care
C. In the UK and the USA most cases in tort
D. Both statute and the common law contain rules about the situations
E. the claimant must prove that the defendant was in breach of his or her duty of care.
F. is the duty to make sure that your conduct does not harm anyone.
G. are based upon the tort of negligence.
H. in which people are liable for their acts and their omissions.
29. Put the steps of the judicial process in the correct order
1 Trial Courts determine the facts of a case
2 Each side presents its arguments
3 The fact finder decides the case
4 The court settles the disputes
5 Appellate Courts review the decisions
6 Parties may appeal to higher courts
30. The term for the sum of money paid to the court to issue proceedings is...
*Legal fee
*Court fee
*Claim charge
*Issuance cost
31. Match the words with their definitions:
A. Contractual relationship
B. To be liable to somebody
C. To owe a duty to somebody
D. To make a claim based on something
E. To be imposed by law
F. A connection between parties that is based on an agreement with specific terms and conditions.
G. To have a responsibility or obligation towards someone, often in terms of payment or accountability. H. To have an obligation to act in a certain way toward another person, often due to moral or legal reasons.
I. To assert or demand something as your right because of certain evidence or reasons.
J. To be required or enforced by legal rules or regulations.
32. Put the stages of criminal proceedings in the correct order:
1 Arrest
2 Investigation
3 Arraignment
4 Trial
5 Sentencing
33. Laws are deemed crucial for society because...
*They provide leisure activities and are easy to understand
*They promote individualism
*They help people evade accountability
*They are essential for maintaining order and regulating conduct.
34. Match the halves to make up correct sentences:
A. We either settle this dispute now
B. The convicted defendant either pays a fine
C. We have received your fax
D. We object not only to the terms of payment,
E. Neither weapons
F. or I go to court.
G. or goes to prison.
H. as well as your letter dated 20th of May.
I. but also to the terms of delivery.
J. nor drugs have been intercepted.
35. Put the following legal professionals in order from highest to lowest position in the hierarchy:
1 Judge
2 Prosecutor
3 Notary public
4 Investigator
5 Defender
6 Paralegal
36. Read the dialogue and answer the question. There s only one correct answer. Carly: So you filed a claim against them after all? Max: Yes, I had to. It was the only way to get what they owed me. And I couldn t just let it go and not do anything about it. Carly: Right, but isn t going to court going to be expensive? Max: It s worth it for what they did to me. Plus, there are legal aid services available if I need help with expenses. Carly: That s true. But don t you have to prove your claims in order to win the case? Max: Of course. They have to have merit and be based on solid evidence or proof. Luckily, I have ev erything organized and ready to present. Carly: Good for you. Do you think their defense will hold up in court? Max: Honestly, I m not too worried about that. Their argument is pretty weak and easily disproven. My lawyer has already pointed out some holes in their defense. Carly: You hired a lawyer? How much does that cost? Max: Not nearly as much as I thought it would be. There are different options depending on your financial circumstances. Plus, my lawyer is confident we ll win this case. Carly: Wow, okay. So how does the jury pick process work? Max: Well, the judge oversees it and makes sure both sides agree on the jurors selected. The people chosen must listen to all the facts presented before deciding whether the defendant is guilty or not. Carly: Interesting. What happens after the court proceedings?
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